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An Energy Criterion for Rheological Failure of Rock and Application in Stability Analysis of Natural High Slope

Received: 16 June 2023     Accepted: 3 July 2023     Published: 11 July 2023
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Abstract

Rock fracture and its failure with time due to external forces and other factors such as fluids, temperature have always been a major concern in rock engineering and construction. Based on thermodynamics and theory of solid physics, authors propose an energy criterion for rheological failure of rock, which considers two effects: (1) energy dissipation of rock reduces strength of rock; (2) confining pressure increases strength of rock. Subsequently, we apply it to stability analysis of natural high slope, in order to indicate influence of long time rheology during geology process on material strength and stability of slope. After giving an equation of upper limit estimate for failure time of slide surface in slope, according to viscoelastic solution of stress about high slope under action of gravity, we calculate the relation between sliding time and dip angle (assuming slide line as straight line) and the relation between sliding time and corresponding slid radius (assuming slide line as arc. The minimum time is 105 years older. The distribution of contour lines for failure time at each point on the slope shows that points near the slope face have shorter failure times. The results explain topographic feature of high mountains in some extent and indicate that rheological failure of rock also is one of causes for topography forming of slope. It also indicates that the energy criterion for rheological failure of rock provides a base for rheological failure analysis relating to time.

Published in American Journal of Physics and Applications (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11
Page(s) 47-54
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Rheological Failure, Energy Criterion, High Slope, Stability, Topographic Feature

References
[1] Chai, J. F., Qi, S. W., Ten, K. S., Long, X., 2007. Special Characteristics of Deep Fractures in High and Steep Slopes in Southwestern of China. Journal of Engineering Geology, 17 (4), 730-738.
[2] Chen, Z., 1994. Rheological Analysis of Stability on North Side Slope of Western Open Mine at Fushun. Thesis Collection of Third Session Conference for Rock Mechanics and Engineering.
[3] Chen, Z., Li, M., 2019. Is there any rheological failure for material inside earth interior due to long time action at low stress? Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 34 (1), 1-5.
[4] Chen, Z., Jin, Z., Huang, X., Qi, S., 2022. A Damage Mechanics Analysis on Rheological Failure of Rocks under High Temperatures and Pressures. American Journal of Physics and Application, 10 (2), 24-32.
[5] Tan, Z., Kang, W., 1983. Time Dependent Dilatancy Prior to Rock Failure and Earthquake. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2 (1), 11-21.
[6] Cui, X. H., Fu, Z. L., 2006. Experimental Study on Rheology Properties and Long Term Strength of Rocks. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 25 (5), 1021-1024.
[7] Guo, S.. Qi, S., Zhan, Z., Zheng, B., 2017. Plastic- strain- dependent strength model to simulate the cracking process of brittle rocks with an existing non-persistent joint, Engineering Geology, 231, 114-125.
[8] Hoek, E., Carranza-Torres, C., Corkum, B., 2002. Hoek-Brown failure criterion-2002 edition. In: Proceedings of NARMS-Tac, 1, pp. 267-273.
[9] Huang, K, Han R. Q., 2019. Solid state physics. Science Press.
[10] Jaeger, J. C., Cook, N. G. W., 1981. Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics. Science Press.
[11] Wang, X. D., Fu, X. M., 2009. Numerical Simulation Test for Physical Compress Creep Experiment. Journal of Engineering Geology, 17 (4), 533-537.
[12] Wang, Z. X., 1960. Thermodynamics. Higher Education Press.
[13] Tang, D. X., Liu Y. R., Zhang, W. S., Wang Q., 1998. Engineering Geotechnics. (Second Edition) Geological Publishing House.
[14] Xu, Q., 2012. Theoretical Studies on Prediction of Landslides Using Slope Deformation Process Data. Journal of Engineering Geology, 20 (2), 145-151.
[15] Xu, Q., Ding, L., 2015. Paleoelevation research on Gangdise Mountains and Qinghai Tibet Plateau. China Science Foundation.
[16] Xu, Z. L., 1979. Elastic mechanics. People's Education Press.
[17] Yin, X. C. 1988. Solid Mechanics. Seismological Publishing House.
[18] Zhu, Q. Z., 2017. A new rock strength criterion from microcracking mechanisms which provides theoretical evidence of hybrid failure. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 50 (2): 341-352.
[19] Zhu, Q., Li, T., Zhang, H., Ran, J. et al., 2022. True 3D Geomechanical Model Test for Research on Rheological Deformation and Failure Characteristics of Deep Soft Rock Roadways. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 128, October 2022, 104653.
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  • APA Style

    Zuan Chen, Yu Zhou, Jingbin Lu, Shenwen Qi, Songfeng Guo, et al. (2023). An Energy Criterion for Rheological Failure of Rock and Application in Stability Analysis of Natural High Slope. American Journal of Physics and Applications, 11(3), 47-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11

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    ACS Style

    Zuan Chen; Yu Zhou; Jingbin Lu; Shenwen Qi; Songfeng Guo, et al. An Energy Criterion for Rheological Failure of Rock and Application in Stability Analysis of Natural High Slope. Am. J. Phys. Appl. 2023, 11(3), 47-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11

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    AMA Style

    Zuan Chen, Yu Zhou, Jingbin Lu, Shenwen Qi, Songfeng Guo, et al. An Energy Criterion for Rheological Failure of Rock and Application in Stability Analysis of Natural High Slope. Am J Phys Appl. 2023;11(3):47-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11,
      author = {Zuan Chen and Yu Zhou and Jingbin Lu and Shenwen Qi and Songfeng Guo and Shuaihua Song},
      title = {An Energy Criterion for Rheological Failure of Rock and Application in Stability Analysis of Natural High Slope},
      journal = {American Journal of Physics and Applications},
      volume = {11},
      number = {3},
      pages = {47-54},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpa.20231103.11},
      abstract = {Rock fracture and its failure with time due to external forces and other factors such as fluids, temperature have always been a major concern in rock engineering and construction. Based on thermodynamics and theory of solid physics, authors propose an energy criterion for rheological failure of rock, which considers two effects: (1) energy dissipation of rock reduces strength of rock; (2) confining pressure increases strength of rock. Subsequently, we apply it to stability analysis of natural high slope, in order to indicate influence of long time rheology during geology process on material strength and stability of slope. After giving an equation of upper limit estimate for failure time of slide surface in slope, according to viscoelastic solution of stress about high slope under action of gravity, we calculate the relation between sliding time and dip angle (assuming slide line as straight line) and the relation between sliding time and corresponding slid radius (assuming slide line as arc. The minimum time is 105 years older. The distribution of contour lines for failure time at each point on the slope shows that points near the slope face have shorter failure times. The results explain topographic feature of high mountains in some extent and indicate that rheological failure of rock also is one of causes for topography forming of slope. It also indicates that the energy criterion for rheological failure of rock provides a base for rheological failure analysis relating to time.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - An Energy Criterion for Rheological Failure of Rock and Application in Stability Analysis of Natural High Slope
    AU  - Zuan Chen
    AU  - Yu Zhou
    AU  - Jingbin Lu
    AU  - Shenwen Qi
    AU  - Songfeng Guo
    AU  - Shuaihua Song
    Y1  - 2023/07/11
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11
    T2  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
    JF  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
    JO  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
    SP  - 47
    EP  - 54
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-4308
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20231103.11
    AB  - Rock fracture and its failure with time due to external forces and other factors such as fluids, temperature have always been a major concern in rock engineering and construction. Based on thermodynamics and theory of solid physics, authors propose an energy criterion for rheological failure of rock, which considers two effects: (1) energy dissipation of rock reduces strength of rock; (2) confining pressure increases strength of rock. Subsequently, we apply it to stability analysis of natural high slope, in order to indicate influence of long time rheology during geology process on material strength and stability of slope. After giving an equation of upper limit estimate for failure time of slide surface in slope, according to viscoelastic solution of stress about high slope under action of gravity, we calculate the relation between sliding time and dip angle (assuming slide line as straight line) and the relation between sliding time and corresponding slid radius (assuming slide line as arc. The minimum time is 105 years older. The distribution of contour lines for failure time at each point on the slope shows that points near the slope face have shorter failure times. The results explain topographic feature of high mountains in some extent and indicate that rheological failure of rock also is one of causes for topography forming of slope. It also indicates that the energy criterion for rheological failure of rock provides a base for rheological failure analysis relating to time.
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

  • Central Yunnan Water Diversion Engineering Co., Ltd., Kunming, China

  • Central Yunnan Water Diversion Engineering Co., Ltd., Kunming, China

  • Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

  • Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

  • Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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